Countdown to True Wireless Broadband

Mobile internet has become common in Malaysia, but the current generation of 2G and 2.5G hardly classify as broadband. While 3G and 3.5G technologies do mark as beginning, the upcoming 4G technologies namely 802.16m WIMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) and LTE (3GPP Long Term Evolution) release 10 – are truly broadband wireless access (BWA). BWA is the evolution of 20 years plus of mo-bile technology, starting from first generation communication or 1G which purely on voice without broadband data then comes 2G with Global Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) as the basic of data service offering

Software defined internet of things in smart city: A review

The concept of smart cities has gained traction to enhance citizens’ quality of life amidst rapid urbanization. Integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a key component that allows for gathering real-time data to inform decision-making and drive innovation in urban planning and management. However, managing the amount of data generated and the IoT devices rapid growth poses a challenge that leads to network management, interoperability, security, and scalability issues in smart cities. To overcome such problems, integrating Software Define Networking (SDN) in IoT provides a flexible, scalable, and efficient network architecture that can better support the unique demands of IoT devices and applications. Motivated by the extensive research efforts in the Software Defined Internet of Things (SDIoT), this paper aims to review SDIoT implementation in smart cities. It first introduces the underlying technology along with various practical applications of SDIoT. The comprehension of SDIoT in smart cities focus on IoT application requirements, including interoperability, scalability, low latency requirement, handling of big data, security, and privacy, energy consumption, Quality of Service (QoS), and task offloading. The paper concludes by discussing the future research directions that need to be examined in greater depth

Integrating Edge Computing and Software Defined Networking in Internet of Things: A Systematic Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed our interaction with the world by connecting devices, sensors, and systems to the Internet, enabling real-time monitoring, control, and automation in various applications such as smart cities, healthcare, transportation, homes, and grids. However, challenges related to latency, privacy, and bandwidth have arisen due to the massive influx of data generated by IoT devices and the limitations of traditional cloud-based architectures. Moreover, network management, interoperability, security, and scalability issues have emerged due to the rapid growth and heterogeneous nature of IoT devices. To overcome such problems, researchers proposed a new architecture called Software Defined Networking for Edge Computing in the Internet of Things (SDN-EC-IoT), which combines Edge Computing for the Internet of Things (EC-IoT) and Software Defined Internet of Things (SDIoT). Although researchers have studied EC-IoT and SDIoT as individual architectures, they have not yet addressed the combination of both, creating a significant gap in our understanding of SDN-EC-IoT. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting a comprehensive review of how the SDN-EC-IoT paradigm can solve IoT challenges. To achieve this goal, this study conducted a literature review covering 74 articles published between 2019 and 2023. Finally, this paper identifies future research directions for SDN-EC-IoT, including the development of interoperability platforms, scalable architectures, low latency and Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees, efficient handling of big data, enhanced security and privacy, optimized energy consumption, resource-aware task offloading, and incorporation of machine learnin

QSroute: A QoS aware routing scheme for Software Defined Networking

The increasing demand for bandwidth-intensive network applications, such as video streaming, multimedia, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, necessitates improved resource management to protect the network without compromising Quality of Service (QoS). Meeting these challenges requires a centralized view of all available network resources. Software Defined Networking (SDN), an emerging technology, provides a centralized view and control of network resources. This feature enables administrators to programmatically define and manage network behavior, including routing, making it more flexible and adaptable. This study proposes a QoS-aware routing scheme for SDN that considers available bandwidth, packet delay, and packet loss to determine the optimal routing path. Optimal paths are selected based on meeting predefined threshold criteria. The study concludes by discussing potential directions for future research in this field

Performance Analysis on the Effect of G.729, Speex and GSM Speech Codec on 802.11g Wireless Local Area Network over VoIP using Packet Jitter

In this paper, three speech codecs; G.729 (8 kbps), Speex (8kbps) and GSM (13kbps) were tested together with several predetermined SNR value ranging from 10dB to 45dB with a sample of 8 second speech. VoIP QoS such as packet jitter is analyzed in order to make a comparison of speech quality of those three speech codecs in wireless LAN 802.11g environment. Result shows that at lower SNR, GSM achieve higher packet jitter than that G.729 and Speex. At higher SNR, GSM achieves lower packet jitter as compared than that G.729 and Speex

Comparative Analysis of Freemium Policies and Procedure between Major Mobile Platforms

Smartphone ownership is fast becoming a birth-right in the world of to-day. For developers, this opens up a whole new world of business opportunities where applications are being purchased every single day. Besides the multi billions of dol-lars spent each year on application purchases alone, consumers nowadays are facing an even newer trend; In-App Purchasing. In-App purchasing refers to a scenario where the initial applications are downloadable for free, however some additional functions or elements of the applications may be acquired within the applications for a small (or not so small) fee. This paper aims to review this trend and the guidelines that is applied to this phenomenon by the three main smartphone operating systems; iOS, Android and Windows. This would be done by highlighting the major strengths and weaknesses that each platform has to offer, as well as the common policies that are enforced across all three platforms

BioHealthCloud: A Biometric Worldwide Public Cloud Infrastructure

Medical and health services are becoming increasingly important in this borderless world. As time evolves, the average person no longer stays in the same location for their entire lives. This scenario is a nightmare for healthcare providers as medical and health records for each individual is not mobile, and does not travel together with the person. This study proposes a way to make medical and health records for every individual be completely mobile, and accessible from anywhere in the world. Using a public cloud infrastructure, each individual may be allocated with a private cloud space that contains their entire medical record, prescription and health concerns; detailed by their healthcare professionals, and accessed through their individual biometric fingerprint signature. Thus, every individual in the world would be able to travel this new borderless world with their complete medical records literally at their fingertips

Experimental Analysis on Available Bandwidth Estimation Tools for Wireless Mesh Network

Measurement of available bandwidth in a wireless mesh network (WMN) environment has always been a topic of great interest. Several active and passive-based tools has been tested and proposed in previous research. However, the performance of these tools was never tested extensively in terms of the condition of the WMN such as varying bandwidth across the network and external traffic factors. In this work, we perform an extensive experimental analysis study on both active and passive available bandwidth tools by looking at the accuracy, failure rate and consistency of each tool. We also investigate the effects of varying the WMN bandwidth and external traffic on the performance of these tools. Our results indicate that all tools performance was affected by the WMN testing environment. In term of accuracy, failure rate and consistency, Pathload was the most favorable tool in these conditions

Approaches in creating meta-requirement: a systematic literature review

Common development team will spend less resources on User Requirement Specification (URS) validation, in the case of development project that provides this URS in the phase of competing for tender. In order to overcome this, the use of meta-requirement in evaluation of requirements is being introduce. The purpose of this article is to present the finding of a systematic literature review of meta-requirements. A methodology that involve defining a systematic way of finding literature and presenting it in a meaningful manner has been adopted. Meta-requirement is an area that is station within the field of information system design theory which is contain in the design research body of knowledge. Based on the result of the analysis of the systematic literature review, it is shown that there is still advancement in the field of meta-requirement and there still improvement that can be done to further the knowledge and contribution in this area. It is suggested that further research that will define a highly comprehensive model of creating meta-requirement should be undergo and the issue of meta-requirement traceability against real-world requirements should be tackle

Multi-objective Functions in Grid Scheduling

In order to fully utilize the Grid resources, an implementation of a good scheduling algorithm is greatly important. However, for a complex scheduler that aims to achieve high performance for more than one performance metrics, a suitable objective function should be carefully considered. This paper shows that a different objective function will have different affect to the Grid performance